筛胸梳爪叩甲是我国南方地区重要的笋期害虫。研究了林间挖笋除虫、黑光灯诱杀及药剂防治3种方法对筛胸梳爪叩甲的控制效果。结果表明:3种技术措施均能显著降低该虫的危害率和虫口密度,其中药剂防治效果最明显。3 a持续挖笋除虫的防治效果达(22.76±3.90)%;每年单盏黑光灯年平均诱捕量可达(1 143.8±318.7)头,连续6 a的灯光诱杀可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(56.05±2.83)%降至防治后的(39.21±2.83)%;连续施用5%辛硫磷+3%毒死蜱颗粒剂3 a年可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(69.62±5.36)%降至(21.17±7.65)%,防治效果达(70.11±10.99)%。

目的 探析南方竹区重要地下害虫筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫定位寄主的行为及化学机制，为竹林金针虫的高效监测及防控提供科学依据。 方法 利用双向选择仪测定筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫对竹笋和CO₂释放剂颗粒的行为反应。采用固相微萃取气质联用法（SPME-GC-MS）收集鉴定雷竹鲜笋的挥发性组分，并测定其相对含量。 结果 竹笋和CO₂释放剂均能显著引发筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫定向运动。筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫对不同质量鲜笋的取食选择无显著差异（P>0.05），而不同浓度的CO₂释放剂对筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫的定向行为有显著影响（P<0.05）。在竹笋和CO₂释放剂之间，筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫显著偏好竹笋（P<0.05）。收集鉴定雷竹笋挥发物17种，相对含量较高为烯烃类化合物（66.62%）和倍半萜（27.98%），倍半萜中以α-葎草烯含量最高。 结论 筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫对新鲜雷竹笋和CO₂释放剂颗粒均有显著趋向性，筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫更偏好新鲜竹笋，相比CO₂释放剂，竹笋萌发时所释放的挥发物对竹林金针虫搜寻寄主更为有效。本研究分离鉴定7种可能对筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫具有吸引作用的萜烯类化合物，为竹林金针虫新型防控技术研发提供了重要依据。

Melanotus cribricollis is one of the most important pest insects damaging bamboo shoots in South China, and there were not any reports about its monitoring techniques yet. The techniques of food bait trapping, light trapping and sex pheromone trapping of M. cribricollis larva or adults in fields were studied. The results showed that corn seed was the most effective attractant toward M. cribricollis larva, and in average, 2.38 wireworm were captured by each corn-seed bait, suggesting that corn seed could be used as food bait for wireworm monitoring. Observation on the seasonal activity of M. cribricollis wireworms indicated that there were two peaks, April to May and September to October. M. cribricollis adults swarming from the soil started from late April and ended at the end of August, and the peak was between the middle of June to the early July. These results provide a reference for effective control of bamboo wireworms.